📘 Class 11 – Chemistry
Chapter 01: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 💊
📌 PART – 3
Welcome to Part 3 of Chapter 01 from ExamsPoint Notes – your go-to platform for JEE | NEET | CBSE handwritten notes and concept-based study material.
📌 This chapter is divided into 4 blog parts. Don't forget to continue to Part 4 after finishing this one.
📚 Topics Covered in This Part with Explanations:
✅ Empirical Formula & Molecular Formula
The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound. It does not necessarily reflect the actual number of atoms, just the lowest ratio.
The molecular formula, on the other hand, shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. It is either the same as or a multiple of the empirical formula. For example, for glucose:
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Empirical Formula = CH₂O
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Molecular Formula = C₆H₁₂O₆
These formulas are crucial in understanding the composition and structure of compounds.
✅ Stoichiometry & Stoichiometric Calculations
Stoichiometry is the study of the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows us to calculate how much of each substance is involved or produced in a reaction.
Stoichiometric calculations involve using balanced chemical equations to determine the mass, moles, or volume of substances. This concept is essential for understanding real-world chemical processes like manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and lab experiments.
✅ Limiting Reagent
The limiting reagent (or limiting reactant) is the substance that is completely used up first during a chemical reaction. It determines the amount of product that can be formed.
Once the limiting reagent is consumed, the reaction stops—even if other reactants are still available. Identifying the limiting reagent is key to avoiding waste and maximizing efficiency in chemical production or lab work. It's one of the most important applications of stoichiometry.
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🔜 What’s Next?
➡️ Proceed to Part 4, where we’ll cover concentration terms like molarity, molality, normality, and how to perform unit conversions in chemistry!
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